Thallium
Rare element which occurs naturally as trace element in many minerals
It is of limited commercial importance. Thallium is used e.g. in metal working industry, in the production of special-purpose glass and in measuring technology. Thallium sulfate is highly toxic and used as rodenticide and insecticide. It is banned, however, in many countries, e.g. Germany, Switzerland and the USA.
Thallium is released into the environment during weathering of rocks and anthropogenic activities. Water contaminations are mostly caused by industrial waste waters and atmospheric deposition. In aquatic ecosystems, thallium is bioavailable and quickly accumulated by organisms.
Through plants and animals thallium may enter the human food chain.
Environmentally relevant characteristics of thallium and its compounds include:
- toxicty
- in laboratory tests: carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and teratogenicity
- high bioaccumulation potential: Thallium is accumulated by plants and animals.
Recommended analysis examples
Search data
Specimen
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Common mussel species as invasive animal in rivers and lakes with high information level for water pollution
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Bioindicator in rivers and lakes
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Fine insoluble mineral or organic particles in the water phase
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Common brown alga of the coastal areas of the North and Baltic Sea
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One of the most important edible mussel species common in the North and Baltic Sea
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As the only viviparous fish in German nearshore waters, it is a bioindicator in nearshore coastal marine ecosystems.
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Inshore, the herring gull mainly feeds from the sea: upon fish, mussels, and crabs.
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A major primary producer in semi-natural and anthropogenic affected ecosystems.
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A major primary producer in semi-natural and anthropogenic affected ecosystems.
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A deciduous tree typical of ecosystems close to dense conurbations and an indicator for the characterisation of the immission situation during the vegetation period.
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As the most dominant deciduous tree species in Central Europe, it plays a significant role in most nearly natural and also anthropogenically influenced forest ecosystems up to an altitude of 1100 m.
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The roe deer is the most common of the larger herbivores (first order-consumer) to be found in the wild in Europe.
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A pigeon species home in nearly every city.
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Student groups with an even number of female and male students at the age of 20 to 29.
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Sampling area
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The only high mountains national park in Germany and an area of the Limestone Alps with international relevance
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Important, old-industrialised conurbation in Germany.
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Main water divide between the North- and Baltic Sea
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Longest river in Germany
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Germany's first national park
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National Park in the largest brackish water (Bodden) habitat of the world.
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National park in the world largest connected sand and mud flats.
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Fourth largest river basin in Central Europe
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Region in the chemical triangle of Central Germany
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Germany's largest forest national park
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Second highest and largest low mountain range in Northern Germany
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Germany's largest connected forest area in a range of low mountains
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The Upper Bavarian Tertiary Uplands are a part of the Southern German Molasse Basin
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Second largest river in Europe
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4 university cities as sampling areas.
Sampling period
1984 - 2023